日常生活中的电器

A compact bilingual guide to everyday electrical appliances.
日常生活电器的双语速查手册。

目录

  1. 学习目标 & 高频动词
  2. 基础供电与配件(Charging & Power Basics)
  3. 电脑与显示设备(Computer & Monitor)
  4. 电视与家庭影音(TV & Home Entertainment)
  5. 冰箱:冷藏 vs 冷冻(Fridge vs Freezer)
  6. 风扇与空调(Fans & Air Conditioning)
  7. 音频设备:麦克风、耳机、音频接口(Audio Gear)
  8. 常见场景对话(Dialogues)
  9. 易错点纠正 & 实用替换句(Fixes & Better Phrases)

1) 学习目标 & 高频动词

学习目标(What you will learn)

  • 认识常见电器与配件的 英文名称用途
  • 会用 简单句 说明设备问题/需求
  • 在商店、家中、宿舍等 真实场景 下沟通

高频动词(必会)

  • plug in / unplug:插上 / 拔下
  • turn on / turn off:打开 / 关闭
  • switch on / switch off:打开 / 关掉(带开关的设备)
  • charge / recharge:充电 / 再充电
  • connect / disconnect:连接 / 断开
  • adjust / increase / decrease:调整 / 增加 / 减少
  • power on / shut down:开机 / 关机(计算机等)

2) 基础供电与配件(Charging & Power Basics)

关键词 | Key Terms

  • charger:充电器(把墙上交流电转换为设备可用直流电)
  • cable:线材(USB-C / Lightning / micro-USB 等)
  • power outlet / wall socket:墙壁插座
  • plug:插头
  • power strip / extension (cord):插线板 / 延长线
  • switch:开关
  • adapter / converter:转接头 / 转换器(制式或电压)
  • surge protector:防雷插座

用途 | Usage

  • Use the charger and cable to charge your phone.
  • Plug the charger into a wall outlet or a power strip.
  • Turn on the switch on the power strip before charging.

示例句 | Examples

  • Do you have a USB-C cable I can borrow?
  • This outlet is loose. The plug keeps falling out.
  • Please don’t overload the power strip.

3) 电脑与显示设备(Computer & Monitor)

关键词 | Key Terms

  • monitor:显示器
  • keyboard / mouse:键盘 / 鼠标
  • CPU / processor:处理器(“电脑的大脑”)
  • RAM:内存(运行时临时数据)
  • SSD / hard drive:固态 / 机械硬盘(存文件)
  • ports / inputs:接口(HDMI, USB, DisplayPort 等)

用途 | Usage

  • The monitor displays the image; the CPU processes data.
  • RAM helps programs run smoothly; the SSD stores files.
  • Connect the monitor via HDMI.

示例句 | Examples

  • My computer is slow. I might need more RAM.
  • The monitor says “No Signal.” Is the HDMI cable connected?

4) 电视与家庭影音(TV & Home Entertainment)

关键词 | Key Terms

  • TV / television:电视
  • remote (control):遥控器
  • HDMI / USB ports:接口
  • streaming stick / box:流媒体设备(电视棒/盒)
  • speakers / soundbar:音响 / 回音壁

用途 | Usage

  • Use the remote to change channels and adjust volume.
  • Plug your streaming stick into the HDMI port.

示例句 | Examples

  • Where is the HDMI 1 input on this TV?
  • The remote isn’t working. I’ll replace the batteries.

5) 冰箱:冷藏 vs 冷冻(Fridge vs Freezer)

关键词 | Key Terms

  • refrigerator / fridge:冰箱(整体或冷藏室)
  • freezer:冷冻室
  • thermostat:温控器
  • shelves / drawers / crisper:层板 / 抽屉 / 保鲜抽屉

概念要点 | Key Ideas

  • Freezing(冷冻)freezer,通常 ≤ 0 °C(≤ 32 °F),把水变成冰,食物保持冻结
  • Refrigeration / keep cold(冷藏)fridge 主仓,约 1–4 °C34–40 °F),保持低温但不结冰

    口误“keepCode”应为 keep cold / refrigerate(保持冷藏)。

示例句 | Examples

  • Please refrigerate the milk but freeze the dumplings.
  • Adjust the thermostat if the fridge is too warm.

6) 风扇与空调(Fans & Air Conditioning)

关键词 | Key Terms

  • air conditioner (AC):空调(制冷/除湿/送风)
  • remote / thermostat:遥控器 / 温控
  • ceiling fan:吊扇
  • pedestal / floor fan:落地扇(立杆)
  • tower fan:塔扇
  • desk fan:台扇

概念要点 | Key Ideas

  • Fan:只吹风/循环空气(体感凉),不真正降温
  • AC:通过制冷剂真正降温,也可除湿/送风

示例句 | Examples

  • Could you turn on the ceiling fan to level 3?
  • Set the AC to Cool mode at 24 °C.

7) 音频设备:麦克风、耳机、音频接口(Audio Gear)

关键词 | Key Terms

  • microphone (mic):麦克风(输入)
  • headphones / earphones:头戴式 / 入耳式耳机(监听)
  • speakers:扬声器(外放)
  • audio interface:音频接口(麦克风/耳机/乐器的集线与声卡,把音频送进电脑;可调增益、监听、静音等)
  • gain / monitor / mute:增益 / 监听 / 静音

用途 | Usage

  • Plug your mic into the audio interface, then connect the interface to your computer.
  • Use headphones to monitor your voice while recording.

示例句 | Examples

  • I’m getting noise. Can you lower the gain a little?
  • Please mute the mic when you’re not speaking.

8) 常见场景对话(Dialogues)

A. 借充电器(At a café)

You: Excuse me, do you have a USB-C charger I could borrow for a bit?
Staff: Sure. There’s a power outlet under the table.
You: Great, I’ll plug it in. Thanks!

B. 宿舍报修(Dorm / Apartment Maintenance)

You: Hi, my ceiling fan is making a strange noise. Could someone check it?
Admin: We’ll send a technician this afternoon.
You: Thanks! I’ll be in my room after 2 pm.

C. 商店购买风扇(At an Appliance Store)

You: I’m choosing between a pedestal fan and a tower fan. Which is quieter?
Clerk: This tower fan is quiet and has a remote.
You: Sounds good. I’ll take this one.

D. 连接音频接口(Simple Tech Support)

Friend: Your mic is clipping.
You: I’ll lower the gain on the audio interface and try again.


9) 易错点纠正 & 实用替换句(Fixes & Better Phrases)

常见纠正

  • keep code → ✅ keep cold / refrigerate
  • open the light/air-con → ✅ turn on the light/AC
  • close the TV → ✅ turn off the TV

词汇速查

  • power bank:充电宝 / portable charger
  • adapter:转换头;converter:转换器(如电压/制式)
  • power strip:插线板;surge-protected power strip:带防雷保护
  • computer case / tower:电脑主机箱(注意 CPU 是处理器,不等于整机)

更自然的替换

  • Can I use this outlet?
  • Is this compatible with my phone?
  • The fridge isn’t cold enough.
  • Please switch off the power strip when you leave.